Carbureter.



D. B. HILL.

- CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- 21, 1914.

1,177,624. Patented A r; 4,1916.

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D. B. HSLL CARBUREHER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-ZMIWIL 1,1726%. Patented Apr. 4, 1916.

32a {51 30 2g 25 32 n" I internal combustion motors,

stalling the motor.

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F BRIDGEPORT, CONNEC EICU'X, ASSIGNOR Ti) EREDGEPORT BRASS DWIGHT n. HILL,

COMPANY, OF BBIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, A CORPOEi-dTEQN GE GQNNECTIGUT;

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Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented Apr. 4, isle.

Application filed March 21, 1914. Serial No. 826,271.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DWIGHT B. Hum, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bridgeport,'county of Fairfield, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Carbureters, o'fwhich the following isa. full, clear, and exact description. 4

This invention relates to carburetors for and more particularly to multiple jet oarbureters, especially adapted for-use on automobiles.

Ihe primarycbject of the invention is the provision of a carbureter having special means for vaporizing the gasolene, or other fuel, starting the motor, and in operation at low speeds.

More particularly, means operative at low break up the liquid fuel mechanically 111 a very thorough manner, vaporize it very effectively, and supply the vapor to the motor, thereby avoiding all liability of Furthermore, .in my improved carburetor, the auxiliary fuel jet, which supplies the motor at low speeds. is called into play, and put out of commission,

it is aimed to provide -motor speeds to automatically by actuation of the throttle valve in controlling the supply of fuel derived from the main jet, and the carburetor as a whole 1s very simple.

eiiicient, reliable and inexpensive.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 1s a vertical section of a carbureter embodying my improvements, taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the carbureter; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the carbureter, partly in section on line 3-3=*, and partly in section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a detail of the mixing chamloer wall and the fuel supply tube for the auxiliary jet.

Referring to the drawings, my improvements are illustrated as applied to a carbureter having a mixing chamber in the form of an upright Venturi tube, whichv chamber is surrounded by a fuel reservoir 11, but it will be apparent from the followdescription that the invention can be earned into effect in earbureteps oi other types. In the form shown, the fuel reservoiror chamber 11 is provided with the usual float 12, the customary fuel inlet 1%. Atthe upper end of the mixing chamber is a passage 15 adapted for connnunr cationwith the customary inlet manifold- (not shown), while the lower end or" the mixing chamber is provided with an open ing 16 in communication with the atmosphere. The air opening 16 is controlled by a-valve 1?, preferably of the butterfly type, as shown, and above said valve and in the constricted portion or the'Venturi tube is the nozzle 18 for the main fuel jet. In

the form shown, the main jet is supplied from aspra'y tube 19, inclined with respect to a vertical plane, and having its lower end 20 passing through the Wall of the venturi, so as to communicate with the fuel chamber 11. The upper end 21 of the tube 19 is located in the most constricted part of the venturi, and the gasolene is maintained in the chamber 11 at about the level indicated by the line X-X, so that the level of gaso lens in the tube 19 Will be adjacent the upper extremityof said tube.

In the operation of the carbureter, a cur? rent of air is sucked upward t .rough the venturi, carrying along with it a certain amount of the li hid fuel (1. asolene from" the upper end of the tube 19, and the amount of-gasolene in the mixture is controlled by a needle valve 22, extending through the wall of the venturi into the discharge end of the spray tube 19. This valve 22 may be provided with a duct 23, communicating" with the atmosphere, and with the spray tube 19, for the purpose of promoting vaporization, and of preventing flooding at high speeds. The flow of the gas to the motor is controlled by a suitable throttle valve, and inthe form shown, this throttle valve, indicated at 24, is of the butterfly type and located in the passage 15 leading from the upper end of the mixing chamber. The air be operated by suitable means, well known in the art. ivhich it is not necessary to illustrate. r 7

1m accordance with my present invention, 1 provide certainmeans for supplying an auxiliary spray of fuel to the ontletpassage on the. motor side of the throttle valve. In

- the form shown, the construotio'nis as foll3, and the ordinary float controlled inlet valve 45 the mixing chamber, when startlng, or when lows: In the passage 15, at a point above the throttle valve 24, in the closed position of said valve, is a spray tube 25, preferably Wall of the carburetor at the upper end of the latter, as shown at 26, and the duct or passage 27 of the tube communicates with the atmosphere at 28 at a point outside of the carburetor. The duct or passage 27 leads to a spray opening 29, located in the air passage controlled by the .throttle valve 24, and so disposed as to direct upwardly into the inlet manifold a current of air passing laterally into the carbureter from the atmosphere through the duct 27. The spray opening 29 is also in communication with a gasolene duct 30, which is preferably of less diameter than the air duct 27, and in line with the latter duct and communicating therewith, so-that CllII its of gasolene and air respectively may me each other in the axis of the tube 25 at a point adjacent the spray opening 29, whereby the resulting mixture of air and gasolene may immediately pass out offsuch spray opening into the inlet manifold. The gasolene duct 30 may be controlled by an inlet valve 31, having an operating head 32, and lock nut 32,

as shown in Fig. 3, whereby the supply of gasoleneto the spray opening 29 may be regulated. The restricted portion of the duct 30 which is controlled by theneedle valve forms in effect an auxiliary jet nozzle for the fuel. The gapolene'pasSing through the duct 30 to the spray opening is derived from the main gasolene reservoir 11, for which purpose the tube is connected with a depending pipe or tube 33, which dips at its lower end'3i into the gasolene in the reservoir 11 and communicates at its upper end with the gasolene duct 30, as shown in Fig. 3.

In ordinary carburetors, the vacuum in operating at low speeds, is frequently insufficient to vaporize the gasolene, or other fuel, particularly where the fuel is not of the best grade, which is often the'case. The air inlet valve is of course closed to increase the vacuum in the mixing chamber, but in low speed operation much difficulty is encountered in breaking up the gasolene into small particles so that it will vaporize properly. In operating my improved carburetor, however, the thrcttlv'alve 2 tis closed, or substantially closed, when starting, or when operating at low speeds, so as to cut oil the fuel supply from the main jet 18. By clos ing the valve 24-, the vacuum in the manifold is increased, and the only opening to the at mosphere is through the air duct 27, which is of quite restricted cross section as compared to the manifold. As a result, a thin but forcible current of air is sucked into the,

manifold, through the duct 27 and opening Simultaneously, the vacuum in the manifold is communicated to the gasolene duct 30 (through the opening 29), so that a thin jet of gasolene is sucked up from the gasolene level, and through the duct 30, in opposition to the air current. The gasolene current and air current are exactly counter to each other, and they meet with considerable force adjacent the outlet 29, whereby thegasolene is very thoroughly broken up and atomized by the air and mixed with the latter in fine particles, so that after passing through the opening 29 in the form of a spray, the resulting mixture is in a condition to vaporize immediately and completely. Hence, by appropriately proportioning the cross sectional areas of the air and gasolene ducts respectively, and by properly controlling the gasolene duct, by means of the inlet valve 31, a mixture of suitable proportions and consistency may be delivered to the engine cylinders, even at the lowest speeds.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the closing of the throttle valve, in augmenting the vacuum in the inlet manifold, and cutting off the main jet nozzle, causes the gasolene to be sucked into the manifold at a point on the motor side'of the throttle valve, and at the same time creates a strong air jet, for the purpose of breaking up the gasolene mechanically in a very efficient manner, and of forming a mixture which will meet the required conditions. As the engine speed increases, the throttle valve will be opened, so that the vacuum will be communicated to the mixing chamber, and the main jet will be called into play. As the main jet is called-into play, and as air is supplied through the ordinary air inlet 16, the suction at the spray opening 29 will decrease considerably, the pressure in the tube 25 being more nearly equalized with the atmosphere. As a result, the gasolene will no longer be sucked up through the tube 33, and the auxiliary jet will, for all practical purposes, cease to operate. However, at any time that the throttle is again closed, or partially closed, the auxiliary jet will again be brought into play automatically as a result of the increased vacuum on the motor side of the throttle valve.

In the particular form shown, the tube 25 i tion of the tube is located in the outlet passage, and therefore the air and fuel reach said passage before they are intermixed. The specific construction adopted to obtain this result can be Widely varied. so long as. means are provided for in ecting fuel (11- and fuel takes place in the outlet passage.

itself on the motor side of the throttle valve, rather than in a. restricted passage or bypass leading to the main outlet passage. By my invention, the air and fuel are mixed together at the point Where the pulverization of the fuel by the air will be most etiective,that is, in the main passage leading from the carbureter to the motor. So far as the broad aspects of the invention are concerned, the tube 25 can be replaced by another part or parts or arrangement v'vhich produce substantially the same broad resalt: and it is not essential that the currents of fuel and-air conducted into the outlet passage be directed oppositely to each other so long as an initial mixture of said currents on the motor side of the throttle. However, it is advantaeous to use an arrangement or construction in which the fuel and air jets respectively are counter to each other at some appropriate point, so that th air jet will control the fuel jet and prevent flooding as the vacuum increases. t is a Well known fact that if a source of air and a source of liquid are connected with means creating suction or partial vacuum, toward the vacuum source will tend to increase r'elatively to the amount of air as the vacuum increases, richness of the mixture. By my. improvements, the force of the air jet supplied to the outlet passage increases in proportion to the vacuum and, being exerted counter to the inflow of fuel, automatically preserves the same proportions of the mixture at varying pressures. I

The foregoing description is necessarily a detailed one in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration and description, and I have not attempted to modifications in details of the device which may be adopted Within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is:

l. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber, a main jet nozzle therein. a fuel reservoir in communication with said the amount of liquid flowinging a spray opening, and

thus augmenting the 7 describe the numerous jetnozzle. a passage leading from said mixmixing chamber,

point, and means to inject air laterally into said passage at .a substantially opposite point; substantially as described.

2. In a carbureter, the combination of a fuel reservoir in communication with said nozzle, a passage leading from the to of said mixing chamber, a throttle valve a Jove said nozzle to control said passage, an aux.- iliary jet nozzle in said passage above the throttle valve, having a supply tube dipping into' the fuel reservoir, a. regulating valve for said auxiliary jet nozzle, and means to conduct a current of air counter to the aux iliary fuel jet in said passage; substantially as described.

3. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber, a main jet nozzle therein, a fuel reservoir in communication With said jet nozzle, a throttle valve, a tube on the motor side of the throttle valve located in the passage leading to the motor, havmeans to conduct streams of air and fuel respectively to said spray opening; substantially as described.

4. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber,a main jet nozzle therein, a

fuel reservoir in communication with said a main jet nozzle therein, a i.

nozzle, a passage leading from the top of said mixing chamber, a throttle valve in said passage, a tube entering said passage at a point on the motor side of said throttle valve, and having a spray opening, and means to conduct opposing streams of fuel and air respectively to said spray opening; substantially as described.

5. In a carburetor, the combination of a mainjet nozzle, a throttle valve, an outlet passage controlled by said valve, and inlets for fuel and air respectively leading laterally through the Wall of said outlet passage on the motor side of the throttle valve, the fuel and air being drawn into said passage through the respective inlets by the suction of the motor, and said inlets so arranged .that the fuel and air meet in said passage;

Wall of said outlet passage on the motor side of the throttle valve and at substantially op posite points; substant ally as described.

7. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixing chamber, an outlet passage leading therefrom,

amain jet nozzle in said mixing chamber, a throttle valve. to control said outlet passage, an auxiliary jet nozzle in the outlet passage on the moto side oi the throttle valve. and means to create a current of air counter to the auiiil arv fuel let in the outlet passage; substantially as scribed.

means for creating a current. of air in the.

outlet pass'gge counter #6 me auxiliswy fuel jet so as to retard the flow of fuel from the x0 auxiliary nozzle as the vacuum increases; substantially 'as described In'wimes's whereof. I have hereunto 9st my hand on the 18th day of March, 1914.

DWIGHT B. HILL Wi'bfifi:

L: M: ALLEN, O. E. Hrmmmox. 

